Retina

Retinal diseases vary widely, but most of them cause visual symptoms. Retinal diseases can affect any part of your retina, a thin layer of tissue on the inside back wall of your eye.The retina contains millions of light-sensitive cells (rods and cones) and other nerve cells that receive and organize visual information. Your retina sends this information to your brain through your optic nerve, enabling you to see.

What is Retina?

The retina converts light that enters into your eye into electrical signals your optic nerve sends to your brain which creates the images you see. It's a key part of your vision. The retina is the layer at the very back of your eyeball.Treatment is available for some retinal diseases. Depending on your condition, treatment goals may be to stop or slow the disease and preserve, improve or restore your vision. Untreated, some retinal diseases can cause severe vision loss or blindness.

Symptoms Of Retina

Floaters

Flashes

Blurring of vision

Curtain like shadow

Sudden loss of vision

Floaters

Flashes

Blurring of vision

Curtain like shadow

Sudden loss of vision

Risk factors

Aging

Smoking

Being obese

Having diabetes or other diseases

Eye trauma

A family history of retinal diseases

Aging

Smoking

Being obese

Having diabetes or other diseases

Eye trauma

A family history of retinal diseases

Conditions We Treat

Diabetic Retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion (CRVO & BRVO), Arterial occlusion (CRAO), Central serous retinopathy (CSR), Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Hypertensive Retinopathy, Retinal Detachment etc. Our clinic is well equipped with all modern retinal examination and surgical instruments. In addition, various intravitreal injections of Anti-VEGF drugs and steroids are used to treat macular edema as well as choroidal neovascular membrane(CNVM).Diabetic Retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion (CRVO & BRVO), Arterial occlusion (CRAO), Central serous retinopathy (CSR), Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Hypertensive Retinopathy, Retinal Detachment etc. Our clinic is well equipped with all modern retinal examination and surgical instruments. In addition, various intravitreal injections of Anti-VEGF drugs and steroids are used to treat macular edema as well as choroidal neovascular membrane(CNVM). We treat Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) and post operative infections like Endophthalmitis.

Common Retinal Diseases and Conditions Include:

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion, also known as CRVO, is a condition in which the main vein that drains blood from the retina closes off completely. This can cause blurred vision and other problems with the eye.

Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) is a blockage of one or more branches of the central retinal vein, which runs through the optic nerve leads to swelling at retina.

Retinal Detachment

A retinal detachment is defined by the presence of fluid under the retina. This usually occurs when fluid passes through a retinal tear, causing the retina to lift away from the underlying tissue layers

Hypertensive Retinopathy

Hypertensive retinopathy is retinal vascular damaged caused by hypertension. Retina shows flame shaped hemorrhages at the disc margin, blurred disc margins, congested retinal veins, papilledema, and secondary macular exudates.

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) affects the central area of your retina known as the macula. CSR can cause your vision to be blurred and distorted due to fluid collecting underneath your macula.

Retinitis-Pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa is an inherited degenerative disease. It slowly affects the retina and causes loss of night and side vision

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

Central retinal artery occlusion is the blockage of blood to the retina of one eye. It usually causes sudden loss of eyesight in one eye. You are higher risk if you are older or have high blood pressure, glaucoma, or diabetes. You are also at higher risk if your blood is thicker and stickier than normal.

Age Related Macular Degeneration

In macular degeneration, the center of your retina begins to deteriorate. This causes symptoms such as blurred central vision or a blind spot in the center of the visual field. There are two types — wet macular degeneration and dry macular degeneration. Many people will first have the dry form, which can progress to the wet form in one or both eyes

Diabetic Retinopathy

If you have diabetes, the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) in the back of your eye can deteriorate and leak fluid into and under the retina. This causes the retina to swell, which may blur or distort your vision. Or you may develop new, abnormal capillaries that break and bleed. This also worsens your vision.

When to see a Doctor

It's important to pay attention to any changes in your vision and find care quickly.

Are You Prone To Vision Loss
Due To Retina?

Vision Loss Progression In Retina

Level Tiers

Complete Retinal Disease Treatment With State-Of-The-Art Technology

The binocular slit-lamp examination provides a stereoscopic magnified view of the eye structures in detail, enabling anatomical diagnoses to be made for a variety of eye conditions. A second, hand-held lens is used to examine the retina. A slit-lamp exam is usually done during a regular checkup with your eye doctor before the cataract surgery procedure.

NC Tonometer is used to perform Tonometry. Tonometry is a quick and simple test that checks the pressure inside your eyes. The results can help your doctor see if you're at risk for glaucoma. The pressure inside your eye is called intraocular pressure (IOP).

This lens provides ultra resolution with radinal image with the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope during clinical practice or in the operating room.

NC Tonometer is used to perform Tonometry. Tonometry is a quick and simple test that checks the pressure inside your eyes. The results can help your doctor see if you're at risk for glaucoma. The pressure inside your eye is called intraocular pressure (IOP).

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an imaging method used to generate a picture of the back of the eye, called the retina. OCT uses light waves to take cross-section pictures of your retina. The OCT is an excellent way to visualize the different layers of the retina and optic nerve in the eye. OCT is routinely used during check-up of patients with glaucoma.

Color Fundus Retinal Photography uses a fundus camera to record color images of the condition of the interior surface of the eye, in order to document the presence of disorders and monitor their change over time.

A fundus camera or retinal camera is a specialized low power microscope with an attached camera designed to photograph the interior surface of the eye, including the retina, retinal vasculature, optic disc, macula, and posterior pole (i.e. the fundus).

The doctor uses the Specular Microscope to examine your eyes before the cataract surgery procedure. Specular microscopy is a non-invasive photographic technique that helps the doctor to visualize and analyze the corneal endothelium. Using computer-assisted morphometry, modern specular microscopes analyze the size, shape and population of the endothelial cells.

The Stellaris PC is a high-performance, feature rich combined platform that leverages Bausch + Lomb's history in retinal innovation to change the surgical landscape by delivering the ultimate in procedural choice. The Stellaris PC allows surgeons to have true “procedural choice” by providing the most advanced technology for both vitreoretinal and cataract surgery in a single system.

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Slit Lamp

The binocular slit-lamp examination provides a stereoscopic magnified view of the eye structures in detail, enabling anatomical diagnoses to be made for a variety of eye conditions. A second, hand-held lens is used to examine the retina. A slit-lamp exam is usually done during a regular checkup with your eye doctor before the cataract surgery procedure.

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NC Tonometer

NC Tonometer is used to perform Tonometry. Tonometry is a quick and simple test that checks the pressure inside your eyes. The results can help your doctor see if you're at risk for glaucoma. The pressure inside your eye is called intraocular pressure (IOP).

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20D/90D LENS

This lens provides ultra resolution with radinal image with the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope during clinical practice or in the operating room.

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DIRECT / INDIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPE

Ophthalmoscopy is a test that look at the back of the eye called the fundus. The fundus consists of the retina, optic disc and blood vessels.

A direct ophthalmoscope is a device that produces an unreversed or upright image of around 15 x magnification.

An indirect ophthalmoscope produces a reversed or inverted image with 2 to 5 x magnification.

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OPTICAL COHERENCE TONOGRAPHY (OCT)

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an imaging method used to generate a picture of the back of the eye, called the retina. OCT uses light waves to take cross-section pictures of your retina. The OCT is an excellent way to visualize the different layers of the retina and optic nerve in the eye. OCT is routinely used during check-up of patients with glaucoma.

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FUNDUS CAMERA - CANON

Color Fundus Retinal Photography uses a fundus camera to record color images of the condition of the interior surface of the eye, in order to document the presence of disorders and monitor their change over time.

A fundus camera or retinal camera is a specialized low power microscope with an attached camera designed to photograph the interior surface of the eye, including the retina, retinal vasculature, optic disc, macula, and posterior pole (i.e. the fundus).

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MICROSCOPE

An operating surgical microscope is the most important optical instrument in the modern era of ophthalmic surgeries. It provides the surgeon with a magnified and illuminated high-quality image of the small ophthalmic structures. Being binocular the surgical microscopes gives the additional benefit of high-quality stereoscopy. Our microscopes are high-end with video recording facilities.

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RETINA SURGERY MACHINE – STELLARIS, QUBE

Vitrectomy machine (Stellaris)
In this procedure, called vitrectomy, the surgeon removes the vitreous along with any tissue that is tugging on the retina. Air, gas or silicone oil is then injected into the vitreous space to help flatten the retina. We have best in class fully equipped vitrectomy machine.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Retina is the photosensitive inner lining of the eye (similar to the photographic film of a camera). When light enters the eye, the image is first formed on the retina and then sent to the brain via the Optic Nerve

Macula is the centre of the retina. For practical purposes, all fine vision is located at the macula.

It is recommended that people with high numbers, all diabetics and people > 40 years of age get the retina checked at least once a year.

By putting some drops called “mydriatics” which dilate the pupils. The retina is the examined by an instrument called the “indirect ophthalmoscope”.

Will someone need to accompany me for the check-up? – the pupillary dilatation can often cause significant blurring of vision for 3-4 hours. It is therefore recommended not to drive after the test. It is for the same reason that we often ask someone to accompany the patient for the test. (especially patients with already poor vision)

Diabetes affects the retinal capillaries and other blood vessels. The effects of these on the retina is termed diabetic retinopathy.

It affects vision by producing swelling in the macula (called macular oedema) or by producing new blood vessels in the eye (neovascularization) which can then lead to vitreous haemorrhage or retinal detachment.

Yes, it is preferable. People with numbers are more prone to develop weak areas (Lattice Degeneration) and retinal holes. They are also at higher risk of retinal detachment, especially if there is also a family history.

A sudden appearance of floaters, flashes that persist even after eye closure, curtain-like field loss and loss of vision.

No. retinal lasers are outpatient procedures (OPD).

No. but there is some discomfort during the procedures and few patients may complain of mild pain. Lasers are generally well tolerated. 

Age related macular degeneration (ARMD) refers degenerative changes occurring in the central retina characterized by deposition of a yellow material called Drusen. ARMD is of 2 types: Dry or Wet In wet ARMD, there is a collection of fluid or blood under the retina.

ARMD cannot be reversed. Its progress can only be slowed or arrested to some extent.

Avastin (Bevacizumab) is an anti-VEGF drug injected into the eye for treatment of diseases like WET ARMD and macular oedema due to diabetes or retinal vein occlusions. It is not FDA approved.

Accentrix (ranibizumab) previously known as Lucentis is the FDA approved and current GOLD STANDARD for treatment of wet ARMD worldwide. It is also approved for macular oedema due to diabetes and vein occlusions. It belongs to the antiVEGF group.

Not really. The eye is made numb with the help of drops and the drug is injected into the eye via a microneedle. 

The injections per say take just a few minutes. The patient is immediately allowed to go home.

Yes definitely. Only care that needs to be taken is to Instil drops regularly.

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